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Astronomy
Planets - Venus
Bulk Parameters |
Orbital Parameters |
Mean Orbital Elements (J2000)
Observational Parameters |
Atmospheric Parameters
Satellites
| Bulk Parameters |
| Mass |
4.8685 × 1024 kg |
| Volume |
92.843 × 1010 km3 |
| Equatorial Radius |
6051.8 km |
| Polar Radius |
6051.8 km |
| Volumetric Mean Radius |
6051.8 |
| Ellipticity |
0.000 |
| Mean Density |
5243 kg m-3 |
| Equatorial Surface Gravity |
8.87 m s-2 |
| Escape Velocity |
10.36 km s-1 |
| GM |
0.3249 × 106 km3 s-2 |
| Bond Albedo |
0.750 |
| Visual Geometric Albedo |
0.65 |
| Visual Magnitude |
-4.40 |
| Solar Irradiance |
2613.9 W m-2 |
| Black-Body Temperature |
231.7 K |
| Moment of Inertia |
0.33 I MR-2 |
| Topographic Range |
15 km |
|
|
| Orbital Parameters |
| Semimajor Axis |
108.21 × 106 km |
| Sidereal Orbit Period |
224.701 days |
| Tropical Orbit Period |
224.695 days |
| Perihelion |
107.48 × 106 km |
| Aphelion |
108.94 × 106 km |
| Synodic Period |
583.92 days |
| Mean Orbital Velocity |
35.02 km s-1 |
| Maximum Orbital Velocity |
35.26 km s-1 |
| Minimum Orbital Velocity |
34.79 km s-1 |
| Orbital Inclination |
3.39 ° |
| Orbital Eccentricity |
0.0067 |
| Sidereal Rotation Period |
5832.5 hours |
| Length of Day |
2802.0 hours |
| Obliquity to Orbit |
177.36 |
|
|
| Mean Orbital Elements (J2000) |
| Semimajor Axis |
0.72333199 AU |
| Orbital Eccentricity |
0.00677323 |
| Orbital Inclination |
3.39471° |
| Longitude of Ascending Node |
76.68069° |
| Longitude of Perihelion |
131.53298° |
| Mean Longitude |
181.97973°: |
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|
| Observational Parameters |
| Maximum Apparent Diameter from Earth |
66.0 arc seconds |
| Minimum Apparent Diameter from Earth |
9.7 arc seconds |
| Maximum Distance from Earth |
261.0 × 106 km |
| Minimum Distance from Earth |
38.2 × 106 km |
| Apparent Magnitude near Opposition |
-4.6 |
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|
| Atmospheric Parameters |
| Surface Pressure |
92 bars |
| Surface Density |
about 65 kg m-3 |
| Scale Height |
15.9 km |
| Average Temperature |
737 K |
| Diurnal Temperature Range |
about 0 |
| Surface Wind Speeds |
0.3 to 1.0 m s-1 |
| Mean Molecular Weight |
43.45 g mol-1 |
| Carbon Dioxide CO2 |
 |
96.5% |
| Nitrogen N2 |
|
3.5% |
| Sulphur Dioxide SO2 |
|
150 ppm |
| Argon Ar |
|
70 ppm |
| Water H2O |
|
20 ppm |
| Carbon Monoxide CO |
|
17 ppm |
| Helium He |
|
12 ppm |
| Neon Ne |
|
7 ppm |
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