| Complex Numbers |
| MORE ON COMPLEX NUMBERS |
| Note: Some textbooks use the letter j to represent the imaginary part of a complex number. I have used the more universal i throughout. |
| A complex number, z, is of the form: |
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| or, using polar coordinates: |
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| where x and y are real numbers and: |
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| The modulus of a complex number is: |
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| The argument of a complex number is: |
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| The conjugate of a complex number is: |
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| In the following lines: |
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| For z = x + iy and where y is measured in radians: |
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When  is measured in radians: |
| The exponential form of a complex number: |
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| Complex Trigonometric Functions: |
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| Complex Trigonometric Function Properties: |
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| Complex Hyperbolic Functions: |
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| Complex Hyperbolic Properties: |
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| Complex Trigonometric and Hyperbolic Function Relations: |
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| Complex Inverse Trigonometric Functions: |
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| Complex Inverse Hyperbolic Functions: |
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